Main switch
The main switch is an electrical device used to protect the solar system from short
circuit current emerging from a user's fault or faulty component. It contains fuses
which act as a bridge between the loads and the rest of the system.
Solar battery
The solar battery stores electricity derived from the solar
module and then distributes it for use, through the charge
regulator, to the light switches and socket. If the battery is
overcharged or over discharged, it will be damaged.
During the day, electricity from the module charges the
battery. During the evening, the battery is discharged to
power lights and other applications.
Cables
Cables connect all the parts of the solar system together. They transmit electric
energy. Thick gauge cables are preferred in solar installation because they allow less
electric energy to be lost along the way. Generally, cables of2.5mm sq., 4.0 mm sq.
and 6.0mm sq. are used.
Sizing: Solar systems must be properly sized to avoid damage and ensure that they
function well over a long time. Sizing of a solar system refers to the process of
matching the power output capacity of a solar module with the storage capacity of a
solar battery, the current handling capacity of a charge regulator and the cable
thickness. Most solar installation failures can be attributed to wrong system sizing.
The Solar Energy Electric Cycle
When the sun's rays shine on the solar module, the cells produce electricity or energy.
The electricity travels through the cables, to the charge regulator, the cables and up to
the solar battery. The battery stores the energy until needed.
Whenever the sun's rays shine upon the solar module, electricity is produced. This
process is referred to as the solar energy electric cycle.